Cabinet of France
The Cabinet of France (also called the Council of Ministers or the Executive Council, French: Conseil des Ministres [1]) is a body of top administration members of the Prime Minister's Cabinet. In French, the word gouvernement generally refers to the "Administration", but in a narrower sense to the Cabinet.
The Council is responsible to the French National Assembly. The National Assembly may choose to pass a motion of censure forcing the Council of Ministers to resign. This has the effect of forcing the Government to be drawn from the majority political party in the Assembly or to be allied to the majority in coalition. Ministers are required to answer written or oral questions put to them by members of Parliament, known as Government questions (questions au gouvernement). In addition, ministers attend sessions of the Parliament Houses when laws concerning their assigned sectors and departmental portfolios are under consideration.
Cabinet ministers cannot propose legislation without parliamentary approval, though the Prime Minister may under certain limits enact statutory instruments, known as orders-in-council (décret en Conseil des ministres), i.e., government orders with statutory force. Ministers can however propose bills to Parliament and any such legislation is generally very likely to pass. On occasion, the majority opinion in Parliament may differ significantly from those of the executive, resulting in a large number of riders.
Traditionally, Council members are subdivided into three levels:
- Ministers—highest-ranking members of the Government
- Deputy ministers (ministres délégués) assist ministers in specialized areas of their portfolio
- Secretaries of State (secrétaires d'État) assist ministers in less important areas and occasionally attend sessions of the Council of Ministers.
- Before the Fifth Republic was established, some ministers of high political importance were known as Ministers of State (ministres d'État). The title has been continued under the Fifth Republic but is granted in a purely honorific fashion as a point of higher prestige among Council members.
The Cabinet plays a major role in determining the agenda of the Parliament Houses. It can propose laws and amendments during parliamentary sessions. It also has a number of procedures at its disposal to expedite parliamentary deliberations.
The Council of Ministers usually holds sessions on Wednesday mornings at the Élysée Palace and is chaired by the French President.
List of government ministers
Head of the Administration: the Prime Minister of France (Premier ministre).
The number and titles held by ministers and the division of duties and purviews between them varies from one Cabinet to the next.
Current ministerial positions (with their current titles)
- Minister of State, Minister of Foreign and European Affairs (Ministre d'État, Ministre des Affaires étrangères et européennes)
- Minister of Defence and Veterans Affairs (Ministre de la Défense et des Anciens combattants)
- Minister for Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transportation and Housing (Ministre de l'Écologie, du Développement durable, des Transports et du Logement—MEDDTL)
- "Keeper of the Seals", Minister of Justice and Freedom (Garde des Sceaux, Ministre de la Justice et des Libertés)
- Minister of the Interior, Overseas, Local Authorities and Immigration (Ministre de l'Intérieur, de l'Outre-mer, des Collectivités territoriales et de l'Immigration)
- Minister of Economy, Finance and Industry (Ministre de l'Économie, des Finances et de l'Industrie)
- Minister of Labour, Employment and Health (Ministre du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé)
- Minister of National Education, Youth and Community Living (formerly "Minister of Public Instruction") (Ministre de l'Éducation nationale, de la Jeunesse et de la Vie associative)
- Minister of the Budget, Public Accounts, the Civil Service and State Reform, Government spokesperson (Ministre du Budget, des Comptes publics, de la Fonction publique et de la Réforme de l'État, porte-parole du gouvernement)
- Minister of Higher Education and Research (Ministre de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche)
- Minister of Agriculture, Food, Fisheries, Rural and Regional Planning (Ministre de l'Agriculture, de l'Alimentation, de la Pêche, de la Ruralité et de l'Aménagement du territoire—MAAPRA)
- Minister of Culture and Communication (Ministre de la Culture et de la Communication)
- Minister of Solidarity and Social Cohesion (formerly "Minister of Social Affairs, Labour, Solidarity and Civil Service") (Ministre des Solidarités et de la Cohésion sociale)
- Minister of Town (Ministre de la Ville)
- Minster of Sports (Ministre des Sports)
- Minister of Transportation—see Minister of the Environment
- Minister of Public Works ("Travaux Publics" or "Equipement")—see Minister of the Environment
- Minister of the Sea—see Minister of the Environment
- Minister of Tourism—see Minister for the Economy
- Minister of Health and Sports—see Minister of Labour
- Minister of Immigration, Integration, National Identity and Solidary Development—see Minister of the Interior
- Minister of Countryside and Planning—see Minister of Agriculture
Ministerial positions which no longer exist
[2]
- Post-War Ministerial positions:
Secretaries of State and Ministers during the Old Regime
See also
Government of François_Fillon (Third Cabinet) French
References